Upper atmosphere / radio science
Explore what HAARP does, how it works, and what the evidence says.
Beam angles come from an ideal array calculation. Wavefront spacing is enlarged 650×; antennas are enlarged separately. Atmospheric refraction and absorption are not calculated.
Most weather occurs in the troposphere, here shown from the surface to about 12 km. HAARP studies the electrically charged ionosphere much higher up. Under suitable conditions, HF waves transfer energy to electrons in a limited region. The example at 240 km is a teaching location, not a predicted interaction height.